Static-99R

Overview

Static-99R is an actuarial risk assessment tool designed to estimate risk of sexual recidivism among adult males who have had a charge or conviction (or equivalent) for a sexually motivated offence. It includes 10 items assessing criminal history, demographic information, and victim characteristics (interview not required). Static-99R can be used in correctional and mental health settings. It is the most extensively validated sexual recidivism risk assessment tool and has been used in at least 30 countries worldwide.

All questions for Static-99R may be submitted to: [email protected]
Toutes les questions en français concernant Static-99R peuvent être envoyées à: [email protected]

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Policy and Practice

Static-99R provides a long-term baseline estimate of risk based on static risk factors and can be used at any stage of decision-making for individuals who have had a charge or conviction for a sexually motivated offence. For systems-level triaging or screening (e.g., levels of registration), it may be sufficient on its own. For more comprehensive assessments of sexual recidivism risk, it should be combined with a tool assessing dynamic risk factors, such as the STABLE-2007, VRS-SO, or the SOTIPS.

Resources

Language

Coding Manual

Static-99R Coding Rules Revised – 2016

Tally Sheets

Static-99R Tally Sheet – 2016

FAQs and other information

Static-99R FAQ 2024 01

Evaluators' Workbooks

Static-99R and Static-2002R Evaluators Workbook (2021 09 28) – PDF

Static-99R and Static-2002R Evaluators Workbook (2021 09 28) – Word

Time Free adjustments to instrument recidivism estimates User Manual

Time Free adjustments excel calculator

Research

Hanson &Thornton (2024). Obtaining more precise risk estimates from Static-99R and STABLE-2007 combinations.

STABLE-2007 and Static-99R combnation calculator

Calculator for combining STABLE-2007 and Static-99R

How to use the calculator for combining STABLE-2007 and Static-99R

2021-2025

Ahmed & Helmus (2023. Predictive Accuracy of Static-99R across different racial/ethnic groups: A meta-analysis.

Hanson, Lee, & Thornton (2024) Long term recidivism rates among individuals at high risk to sexually reoffend.

Helmus,Kelley, Frazier, Fernandez, Lee, Rettenberger & Boccaccini (2022). Static-99R: Strengths, limitations, predictive accuracy meta-analysis, and legal admissibility review.

Helmus, Hanson, Murrie, & Zabarauckas (2021). Field validity of Static-99R and STABLE-2007 with 4,433 men serving sentences for sexual offences in British Columbia: New findings and meta-analysis.

Lee & Hanson (2021). Updated 5-year and new 10-year sexual recidivism rate norms for Static-99R with routine/complete samples.

Lee & Hanson (2021). Supplemental material for “Updated 5-year and new 10-year sexual recidivism rate norms for Static-99R with routine/complete samples.

2016-2020

Lee, Hanson, & Blais (2020). Predictive accuracy of the Static-99R and Static-2002R risk tools for identifying Indigenous and White individuals at high risk for sexual recidivism in Canada. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne

Hanson, Babchishin, Helmus, Thornton, & Phenix (2017). Communicating the results of criterion referenced prediction measures: Risk categories for the Static-99R and Static-2002R sexual offender risk assessment tools.

Lee, Restrepo, Satariano & Hanson (2016). The predictive validity of Static-99R for sexual offenders in California: 2016 update. State Authorized Risk Assessment Tools for Sex Offenders (SARATSO)

Lee & Hanson (2016). Recidivism risk factors are correlated with a history of psychiatric hospitalization among sex offenders.

Hanson, Thornton, Helmus, & Babchishin (2016). What sexual recidivism rates are associated with Static-99R and Static-2002R scores?

Babchishin, Hanson & Blais, J. (2016). Less Is More: Using Static-2002R Subscales to Predict Violent and General Recidivism Among Sexual Offenders.

2011-2015

Hanson, Lunetta, Phenix, Neeley & Epperson (2014). The field validity of Static-99/R sex offender risk assessment tool in California.

Hanson, Babchishin, Helmus & Thornton (2013). Quantifying the relative risk of sex offenders: Risk ratios for Static-99R.

Babchishin,Blais & Helmus (2012). Do static risk factors predict differently for Aboriginal sex offenders? A multi-site comparison using the original and revised Static-99 and Static-2002 scales.

Babchishin, Hanson & Helmus (2012). Communicating risk for sex offenders: Risk ratios for Static-2002R.

Babchishin, Hanson, & Helmus (2012). Even highly correlated measures can add incrementally to predicting recidivism among sex offenders.

Hanson & Thornton (2012). Preselection effects can explain group differences in sexual recidivism base rates in Static-99R validation studies. In 31st Annual Research and Treatment Conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, Denver, CO.

Helmus, Hanson, Thornton, Babchishin & Harris (2012). Absolute recidivism rates predicted by Static-99R and Static-2002R sex offender risk assessment tools vary across samples: A meta-analysis.

Hanson, Lloyd, Helmus & Thornton (2012). Developing non-arbitrary metrics for risk communication: Percentile ranks for the Static-99/R and Static-2002/R sexual offender risk tools.

Helmus, Thornton, Hanson & Babchishin (2012). Improving the predictive accuracy of Static-99 and Static-2002 with older sex offenders: Revised age weights.

Babchishin, Hanson, Helmus (2011). The RRASOR, Static-99R, and Static-2002R all add incrementally to the prediction of recidivism among sex offenders.

2000-2013

Hanson, Sheahan, & VanZuylen (2013). Static-99 and RRASOR predict recidivism among developmentally delayed sexual offenders: A cumulative meta-analysis.

Thornton, Hanson, & Helmus (2011). Moving beyond the standard model for actuarial assessment for sex offenders. Perspectives: The Quarterly Newsletter of the California Coalition on Sex Offending.

Anderson & Hanson (2010). Static-99: An actuarial tool to assess risk of sexual and violent recidivism among sexual offenders.

Helmus (2009). Re-norming Static-99 recidivism estimates: Exploring base rate variability across sex offender samples.

Helmus (2008) Static-99 replications: Violent and any recidivism effect sizes.

Helmus (2008) Static-99 replications: Sexual recidivism effect sizes.

Helmus (2008) Static-99 replications: Descriptive Information.

Helmus (2008) Annotated bibliography of Static-99 replications with tables.

Hanson (2006). Does Static-99 predict recidivism among older sexual offenders?

Hanson & Thornton (2000). Improving risk assessments for sex offenders: A comparison of three actuarial scales.

Trainings

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